The Neuroaesthetics of Seeing the Familiar in New Ways: A Look at Jason Toth’s Photographic Art

“The Stone Sentinel of Our Spirit” original photo compared to artwork.

If you’re anything like me, you may have an interest in how your brain works. I’m fascinated by it and have spent a good deal of time learning about the brain, human behavior, and how the brain processes experiences and stimuli, especially when something familiar, like a well-known landmark, is presented in an unexpected and innovative way. This concept is vividly illustrated in my art, where everyday scenes are transformed into vibrant, and often almost unrecognizable vistas through the use of vivid colors and altered perspectives.

The Brain and Visual Processing

When we view a photograph, the visual cortex at the back of our brain gets to work, processing the various elements like shape, color, and depth. However, when a familiar object is depicted in an unusual way—say, the Cleveland skyline painted in electric blues and fiery reds—our brains engage in a more complex process. This involves not just the recognition of shapes and outlines but also an interpretation of unexpected colors and forms.

Cognitive Conflict and Resolution

Presenting familiar scenes in new ways can create a cognitive conflict in the brain. Known landmarks are stored in our memory with specific associations and appearances. When these expectations are contradicted, as in surreal photography, it creates a sense of novelty and surprise. This triggers a higher level of engagement from the brain as it attempts to reconcile the new information with the old.

Emotional and Aesthetic Response

The amygdala, which processes emotions, also plays a crucial role when we encounter art that twists the familiar into something novel. The vibrant, unconventional colors can evoke stronger emotions, making the artwork more memorable and engaging. Additionally, the prefrontal cortex, which is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior, contributes to our aesthetic judgment, influencing how much we like or dislike the new interpretation of familiar sights.

Renewal of My Spirit I and Renewal of My Spirit II compared to original

The Reward System

When viewing art that captivates us, the brain’s reward pathways, including areas like the ventral striatum, are activated. This response is akin to the pleasure we derive from eating our favorite food or listening to music we love. In the context of surreal photography, the brain's reward system can be stimulated by both the recognition of familiar elements and the pleasant surprise of seeing them in a new light.

Enhanced Memory and Recognition

The hippocampus, which is crucial for forming new memories, becomes particularly active when we process familiar landmarks depicted in unusual ways. This activity helps to strengthen and even reframe our memories and perceptions of the place. For instance, a resident of Cleveland might begin to associate the familiar landmarks not just with their everyday appearance but also with the vibrant, artistic renditions seen in the photographs.

In essence, when familiar objects are represented in surreal and vibrant colors, it does more than just catch the eye—it invites a deeper cognitive and emotional engagement. This reimagining of the familiar can enhance our appreciation of both the subject and the art form itself, illustrating the profound impact of neuroaesthetics in the way we perceive and enjoy art. Through this lens, we can see not just the beauty of the landmarks themselves but also the creativity and thoughtfulness of the artist who redefines how we experience our world.